Question

Write the chemical equation of reaction of ethanol with ethanoic acid in the presence of concentrated H$_2$SO$_4$. Write the name of this reaction.

Hint:

Alcohol + Acid → Ester (Esterification).

Answer 1

Reaction of Ethanol with Ethanoic Acid in Presence of Concentrated H₂SO₄:

When ethanol (C₂H₅OH) reacts with ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), a sweet-smelling compound called ester is formed. The product formed in this reaction is ethyl ethanoate.

Concentrated H₂SO₄ acts as a dehydrating agent and catalyst in the reaction.

Chemical Equation:
CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH     ⇌ (conc. H₂SO₄, heat) CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O

Name of the Reaction:
This reaction is called Esterification Reaction.

Explanation:

1. A carboxylic acid (ethanoic acid) reacts with an alcohol (ethanol).
2. In the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, they combine to form an ester and water.
3. The ester formed (ethyl ethanoate) has a pleasant fruity smell.

Conclusion:
The reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid in the presence of concentrated H₂SO₄ forms ethyl ethanoate and water. This reaction is known as the Esterification Reaction.