Question

Write the structure and function of Bowman’s capsule.

Hint:

Bowman’s capsule = Cup-shaped part of nephron that collects filtrate from glomerulus.

Answer 1

Structure of Bowman’s Capsule:

Bowman’s capsule is a cup-shaped, double-walled structure found at the beginning of each nephron, which is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. – It is located in the cortex region of the kidney.
– It encloses a network of tiny blood capillaries called the glomerulus.
– Together, the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule form the renal corpuscle.
– It has two layers: an outer parietal layer and an inner visceral layer.
– The inner layer closely surrounds the glomerulus.
– The space between the two layers is called the capsular space, where filtrate collects. The structure is specially adapted for efficient filtration of blood.

Function of Bowman’s Capsule:

The main function of Bowman’s capsule is to carry out ultrafiltration of blood. – Blood enters the glomerulus through the afferent arteriole.
– Due to high blood pressure, water and small dissolved substances pass through the thin capillary walls into the capsular space.
– Substances filtered include water, glucose, salts, amino acids and urea.
– Large molecules such as proteins and blood cells are not filtered.
– The filtered fluid collected in Bowman’s capsule is called glomerular filtrate.
– This filtrate then moves into the renal tubule for further reabsorption and urine formation.

Conclusion:
Bowman’s capsule is a double-walled cup-like structure that surrounds the glomerulus. It plays a vital role in the first step of urine formation by filtering blood and collecting the glomerular filtrate.