Step 1: Trace the cause of the hardening.
When a ductile metal is plastically deformed, dislocations multiply rapidly and start tangling with one another, and each new obstacle makes it harder for further dislocations to glide through the lattice.
Step 2: Connect this cause directly to its name.
Since this increase in strength and hardness is produced purely by imposing plastic strain on the material, engineers naturally describe it using the strain that caused it, calling the phenomenon strain hardening, which is simply another name for the same effect as work hardening.
Step 3: Separate this from the similar sounding distractors.
Slip and twinning are the deformation mechanisms that cause the hardening, not names for the hardening effect itself, and plain hardening is too broad a term since it also covers unrelated routes like quenching or precipitation hardening, so the precise synonym asked for here is strain hardening.
\[ \boxed{\text{Strain hardening}} \]