Question

With reference to abnormal labor, consider the following procedures:
1. Internal podalic version
2. Forceps application
3. Assisted breech delivery

In which of these should the cervix be fully dilated?

• A. 1, 2 and 3
• B. 1 and 2
• C. 2 and 3
• D. 1 and 3

Hint:

All three listed procedures pull a fetus through the birth canal, so all three need a fully open cervix first.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question checks whether we know which operative delivery methods can only be used once the cervix has opened all the way.

Step 2: Key Approach:
Ask, for each procedure, whether the fetus (or part of it) is being pulled through the cervix and vagina as part of the technique. If yes, full dilation is a must.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Internal podalic version turns the baby inside the uterus and is immediately followed by pulling the leg and body down through the birth canal, so the cervix has to be fully open beforehand.
Forceps grip the fetal head directly and traction is used to bring it out through the cervix and vagina, which again demands full dilation, otherwise the cervix obstructs and tears.
Assisted breech delivery brings the trunk, then the aftercoming head, out through the same fully dilated passage, exactly like a normal vaginal delivery.

Step 4: Final Answer:
Since all three procedures pull the fetus through the cervix, all three need it fully dilated, making option (a), 1, 2 and 3, correct.