Question

Which one of the following options correctly matches the cell types (Panel-1) with the organs in which they are primarily located (Panel-2)?

Panel-1	Panel-2
(p) Microglia	(i) Brain
(q) Mesangial cells	(ii) Kidney
(r) Microfold cells	(iii) Small intestine

• A. (p)-(i); (q)-(ii); (r)-(iii)
• B. (p)-(i); (q)-(iii); (r)-(ii)
• C. (p)-(ii); (q)-(i); (r)-(iii)
• D. (p)-(iii); (q)-(ii); (r)-(i)

Hint:

Match each specialised cell to the organ where it normally lives: an immune cell of the brain, a capillary-support cell of the kidney, and an antigen-sampling cell of the gut.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

This question checks whether you know which tissue each specialised cell type belongs to: microglia, mesangial cells and microfold cells.

1. Microglia: small glial cells that act as immune sentinels inside the brain and spinal cord. They are not found in the kidney or gut, so they pair with the brain.
2. Mesangial cells: sit inside the glomerulus of the kidney, wrapped around the capillary loops that filter blood. Their contraction changes the surface area open for filtration.
3. Microfold cells: specialised epithelial cells sitting over the Peyer's patches in the small intestine wall. They carry antigens from the gut lumen to the immune cells underneath.

Putting the three pairs together gives (p) Microglia - (i) Brain, (q) Mesangial cells - (ii) Kidney, (r) Microfold cells - (iii) Small intestine, which is exactly option (A).

Let's summarize:

• Microglia are brain-resident immune cells.
• Mesangial cells support the kidney's glomerular capillaries.
• Microfold cells sample antigens in the small intestine.

So the correct match is option (A).