Question

In the human pancreas, which cell types secrete insulin and glucagon?

• A. Alpha cells and delta cells, respectively
• B. Beta cells and delta cells, respectively
• C. Alpha cells and beta cells, respectively
• D. Beta cells and alpha cells, respectively

Hint:

Use a mnemonic to remember: **I**nsulin comes from **B**eta cells. **G**lucagon comes from **A**lpha cells (think "A" for "adds" sugar to blood).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Concept:
The endocrine part of the pancreas consists of clusters of cells called the Islets of Langerhans, which secrete different hormones related to blood glucose regulation.
Step 2: Identification of Cell Functions:
Each type of cell in the islets has a specific function:

• Beta ($\beta$) cells secrete insulin, which lowers blood glucose by increasing cellular uptake of glucose.
• Alpha ($\alpha$) cells secrete glucagon, which raises blood glucose by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.
• Delta ($\delta$) cells secrete somatostatin, which regulates the secretion of other pancreatic hormones.

Step 3: Conclusion:
Since insulin is released by beta cells and glucagon is released by alpha cells, the correct pair is Beta cells and Alpha cells.