Question

Which one of the following is the correct matching of the events occurring during menstrual cycle?

• A. Proliferative phase : Rapid regeneration of myometrium and maturation of Graafian follicle
• B. Secretory phase : Development of corpus luteum and increased secretion of progesterone
• C. Menstruation : Breakdown of myometrium and ovum not fertilised
• D. Ovulation : $LH$ and $FSH$ attain peak level and sharp fall in the secretion of progesterone

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The menstrual cycle is a series of monthly changes in the female body to prepare for a possible pregnancy. It involves several phases, each characterized by specific hormonal changes and physiological processes. Understanding these phases is crucial for solving questions related to them.

1. Proliferative Phase: During this phase, the endometrium (lining of the uterus) regenerates rapidly. However, it is the Graafian follicle that matures, not the myometrium, which is the muscular outer layer of the uterus. Thus, the statement "Rapid regeneration of myometrium and maturation of Graafian follicle" is incorrect as the myometrium does not regenerate.
2. Secretory Phase: This is characterized by the development of the corpus luteum. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which is crucial for maintaining the endometrium, thereby preparing the uterus for potential implantation. This is the correct match: "Development of corpus luteum and increased secretion of progesterone."
3. Menstruation: This phase involves the breakdown and shedding of the endometrium (not the myometrium) when the ovum is not fertilized. Thus, "Breakdown of myometrium and ovum not fertilised" is incorrect.
4. Ovulation: Ovulation occurs when the levels of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) peak, leading to the release of the ovum. There is not a sharp fall in progesterone at this time; rather, progesterone rises after ovulation if fertilization occurs. Therefore, this statement is incorrect as well.

The correct match is the "Secretory phase: Development of corpus luteum and increased secretion of progesterone," as it accurately describes the hormonal and physiological changes occurring during this phase of the menstrual cycle.