Question

Which of the following statements are correct regarding prokaryotic genomic organization?
A. Most prokaryotes contain a single large circle of double stranded DNA as its genome.
B. The nucleoid is an irregularly shaped region that contains the cell's chromosome and numerous proteins.
C. Nucleoid associated proteins (NAPs) are not particularly important during cell division for the compaction of chromosome.
D. Prokaryotic genomes are much smaller as compared to eukaryotes.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, B and D only
• B. A, B and C only
• C. A, B, C and D
• D. B, C and D only

Hint:

When comparing prokaryotes and eukaryotes, remember these key genomic differences: single circular chromosome vs. multiple linear chromosomes, nucleoid vs. nucleus, and significantly smaller genome size in prokaryotes. NAPs are the prokaryotic equivalent of histones for DNA compaction.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Concept Overview:
Prokaryotic cells possess a simpler genomic structure compared to eukaryotic cells. Their genetic material resides in the nucleoid region, lacking a surrounding membrane.
Step 2: Statement Analysis:
Evaluating each statement:


A. Correct. A typical prokaryotic genome consists of a single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule.

B. Correct. The nucleoid is a non-membrane-bound area in prokaryotic cells housing the chromosome and related proteins, characterized by its irregular shape.

C. Incorrect. Nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) function similarly to eukaryotic histones. They are essential for chromosome compaction to fit within the cell and for its structural organization, especially during cell division.

D. Correct. Prokaryotic genomes (typically 0.5-10 million base pairs) are significantly smaller than eukaryotic genomes (e.g., the human genome is ~3,200 million base pairs).

Step 3: Conclusion:
Statements A, B, and D are accurate, while C is inaccurate. Therefore, option (A) is the correct choice.