Question

Which of the following is Clemmensen reduction?

• A. Reduction of aldehydes/ketones to alkanes using zinc amalgam and HCl
• B. Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes/ketones
• C. Reduction of nitro compounds to amines using Sn and HCl
• D. Reduction of carboxylic acids to aldehydes using LiAlH\(_4\)

Hint:

Clemmensen reduction is commonly used for the reduction of aldehydes and ketones that are not sensitive to acidic conditions.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The Clemmensen reduction chemically converts aldehydes or ketones into alkanes. The reaction utilizes zinc amalgam (Zn-Hg) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) as the reducing agents. Reaction: \[ \text{R-CO-R' + Zn(Hg) + HCl} \longrightarrow \text{R-CH\(_2\)-R'} \] This process is effective for compounds that can withstand strongly acidic environments.
Conclusion: Clemmensen reduction achieves the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to alkanes via zinc amalgam and HCl.