Question

Which among the following purification methods is based on the principle of “Solubility” in two different solvents?

• A. Column Chromatography
• B. Sublimation
• C. Differential Extraction
• D. Distillation

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Differential extraction is a method for separating mixture components by exploiting their varying solubilities in two immiscible solvents. This technique relies on the distinct affinities of each component for the respective solvents to achieve separation.

Differential Extraction Explained: A mixture is initially dissolved in a solvent where one component exhibits higher solubility than the others. Subsequently, a second immiscible solvent is introduced. Components with lower solubility will preferentially migrate into this second solvent. The separation process can be iterated multiple times to enhance purity.

Comparison to Alternative Techniques:

• Column Chromatography: Employs a stationary and a mobile phase, separating substances based on diverse interactions rather than exclusively solubility.
• Sublimation: Involves a direct solid-to-gas phase transition followed by condensation back to solid, independent of solubility.
• Distillation: Achieves separation by leveraging differences in boiling points, not solubility.

Therefore, the accurate method is: Differential Extraction