Question:medium

Which of the following are required for the dark reaction of photosynthesis?
A. Light
B. Chlorophyll
C. CO2
D. ATP
E. NADPH
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Updated On: Mar 19, 2026
  • A, B and C only
  • B, C and D only
  • C, D and E only
  • D and E only
Show Solution

The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

The Calvin cycle, also referred to as the dark reaction of photosynthesis, takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts. It is independent of direct light and relies on the outputs from the light-dependent reactions. The Calvin cycle necessitates the following:

  • CO2 (Carbon Dioxide): Essential for carbon fixation into organic compounds.
  • ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): Supplies the energy for glucose synthesis.
  • NADPH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate): Provides the necessary reducing power to transform 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

These components correspond exclusively to options C, D, and E.

Consequently, the accurate selection is: C, D, and E only.

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