Question:easy

When two or more persons agree to do an illegal act, such an act is known as:

Updated On: Jul 13, 2026
  • Abetment
  • Public Tranquility
  • Criminal conspiracy
  • All of the above
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Students often confuse this with abetment because both involve more than one person planning something illegal, so it helps to keep the distinction clear. Abetment by conspiracy under Section 107 IPC needs an actual act or illegal omission to follow the agreement, but the question here is only describing the agreement itself.

  1. Abetment: requires either instigation, or a conspiracy followed by an actual act done in pursuance of it, or intentional aiding; it is not simply the name for the agreement standing alone.
  2. Public Tranquility: is a chapter heading covering offences against public order and peace, such as unlawful assembly and rioting, it has nothing to do with a private agreement between two people to commit an illegal act.
  3. Criminal conspiracy: under Section 120A IPC is complete the moment two or more persons agree to commit an illegal act, or a legal act by illegal means, no further act is even required for the offence to be made out in most cases. This matches the question directly.
  4. All of the above: cannot be right since abetment and public tranquility describe different legal concepts altogether, not the specific offence of an illegal agreement.

The correct answer is Criminal conspiracy, the offence under Section 120A IPC that is made out the moment two or more persons agree to do an illegal act.

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