Functionalism, a sociological theory, posits society as a complex system of interconnected components (institutions, structures) that collaborate to ensure stability and order. Each societal element performs a function contributing to the system's overall equilibrium. In contrast, conflict theory (B) highlights power dynamics, symbolic interactionism (C) centers on symbols and their meanings, and individualism (D) analyzes personal actions. Functionalism, therefore, stresses the mutual dependence of societal parts.