Question

Types of system and their definitions are given below. Choose the correct match from the following codes:
System:
(a) Closed system
(b) Open system
(c) Isolated system
(d) Homogeneous system
(e) Heterogeneous system
Definition:
(i) A system which can exchange both energy and matter with surrounding
(ii) A system which cannot exchange matter or energy with surrounding
(iii) A system consisting of single phase
(iv) A system consisting of many phases
(v) A system which can exchange only energy with surrounding

• A. (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv), (e)-(v)
• B. (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv), (e)-(v)
• C. (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iv), (e)-(iii)
• D. (a)-(v), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii), (e)-(iv)
• E. (a)-(v), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii), (e)-(iv)

Hint:

Remember: Open → energy + matter exchange, Closed → only energy exchange, Isolated → no exchange. Homogeneous → single phase, Heterogeneous → multiple phases.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question requires matching different types of thermodynamic and physical systems with their correct definitions. This involves understanding the exchange of energy and matter, and the number of phases in a system.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's match each system with its correct definition:

(a) Closed system: A closed system can exchange energy (usually as heat or work) with its surroundings, but it cannot exchange matter. An example is a sealed container of hot coffee; it cools down (loses energy) but the coffee stays inside (no matter exchange). This matches with definition (v).

(b) Open system: An open system can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings. An example is an open cup of hot coffee; it cools down (loses energy) and steam escapes (loses matter). This matches with definition (i).

(c) Isolated system: An isolated system cannot exchange either energy or matter with its surroundings. A perfect thermos flask is a good approximation. This matches with definition (ii).

(d) Homogeneous system: A system is homogeneous if its properties are uniform throughout. It consists of a single phase. Examples include pure air (a gas mixture), a sugar solution, or a block of iron. This matches with definition (iii).

(e) Heterogeneous system: A system is heterogeneous if it consists of two or more distinct phases. Examples include ice in water (solid and liquid phases), or oil and water (two immiscible liquid phases). This matches with definition (iv).

So, the correct pairings are:
(a) \(\rightarrow\) (v)
(b) \(\rightarrow\) (i)
(c) \(\rightarrow\) (ii)
(d) \(\rightarrow\) (iii)
(e) \(\rightarrow\) (iv)
Step 3: Final Answer:
The code that represents these correct matches is (a)-(v), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii), (e)-(iv), which is given in option (D).