The given integral is simplified using a substitution method. The integral is defined as:
\[
I = \int_0^1 \frac{dx}{e^x + e^{-x}}
\]
By utilizing the identity $e^x + e^{-x} = 2 \cosh x$, the integral transforms to:
\[
I = \int_0^1 \frac{dx}{2 \cosh x}
\]
This represents a standard integral with the solution:
\[
I = \frac{\pi}{4}
\]
Therefore, the correct answer is $\frac{\pi}{4}$.