Step 1: Definition of Tirthankar.
In Jainism, a Tirthankar is an enlightened spiritual teacher who guides others toward liberation.
The term "Tirthankar" literally means "Ford-maker," signifying one who helps others cross the ocean of worldly existence (samsara).
Step 2: Role of the Tirthankaras.
Jain tradition recognizes 24 Tirthankaras.
They establish the fourfold Jain Sangha, consisting of monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen.
Each Tirthankar preaches truth, non-violence (ahimsa), and detachment from worldly desires.
Step 3: Analysis of Options.
- (A) Spiritual teacher: Correct. A Tirthankar serves as a spiritual guide to salvation.
- (B) Conquers of desires: Partially correct. While Tirthankaras conquer desires, the term's primary emphasis is on teaching.
- (C) Monastic disciples: Incorrect. Disciples are followers, not teachers.
- (D) A worshipper: Incorrect. Tirthankaras are worshipped, not the worshippers.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Therefore, the term Tirthankar refers to a spiritual teacher.