Question

The Penman’s evapotranspiration equation is based on

• A. Water budget method
• B. Energy balance approach only
• C. Mass transfer approach only
• D. Energy balance and mass transfer approach

Hint:

Penman’s equation combines both energy balance and mass transfer to model evapotranspiration.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Penman's Equation Explained.
Penman's equation combines energy balance (for evaporation energy) and mass transfer (for water vapor movement).
Step 2: Summary.
Penman's equation uses both energy balance and mass transfer, confirming that option (4) is correct.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{4. \, \text{Energy balance and mass transfer approach}} \]