Question

The outer electronic configuration of \(\mathrm{Pd}\) is

• A. \(4d^8\,5s^2\)
• B. \(4d^9\,5s^1\)
• C. \(4d^{10}\,5s^0\)
• D. \(4d^{10}\,5s^1\)

Hint:

Palladium is a well-known exception in electronic configuration. Its actual configuration is \[ [\mathrm{Kr}]\,4d^{10}\,5s^0 \] instead of the expected \[ [\mathrm{Kr}]\,4d^8\,5s^2. \] A completely filled \(d\)-subshell provides additional stability.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Note Pd's exceptional configuration.
Pd (Z=46) is unique among Period 5 d-block elements: it achieves maximum stability with a completely filled 4d subshell by having zero electrons in 5s. This is more stable than the expected 4d\(^8\)5s\(^2\).

Step 2: State the configuration.
Outer electronic configuration of Pd = 4d\(^{10}\) 5s\(^0\). Compare: Ag (Z=47) = 4d\(^{10}\)5s\(^1\). \[ oxed{4d^{10}\,5s^0} \]