Question:medium

The minimum value of the expression \(\sin \alpha + \sin \beta + \sin \gamma\) where \(\alpha, \beta, \gamma\) are real numbers satisfying \(\alpha + \beta + \gamma = \pi\) is

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Test extreme values; sine function can be negative.
Updated On: Jun 19, 2026
  • positive
  • zero
  • negative
  • -3
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

To determine the minimum value of the expression \(\sin \alpha + \sin \beta + \sin \gamma\) given that \(\alpha + \beta + \gamma = \pi\), we start by understanding the constraints and trigonometric identities.

  1. The key constraint here is that the angles \(\alpha, \beta, \text{and} \gamma\) sum up to \(\pi\).
  2. Maximal and minimal values of the sine function are \(-1\) and \(1\) respectively.
  3. Since sine function is periodic with period \((2\pi)\), for the angles adding up to \(\pi\), certain combinations must be considered.

We use the identity:

\[\sin \alpha + \sin \beta + \sin \gamma = 4 \sin \left(\frac{\alpha}{2}\right)\sin\left(\frac{\beta}{2}\right)\sin\left(\frac{\gamma}{2}\right)\]
  1. From the identity above, the expression can be negative.
  2. Consider specific values where minimization occurs. Suppose \(\alpha = \beta = \frac{\pi}{2}\) and \(\gamma = 0\), then:
    \(\sin \alpha = \sin \beta = 1\)
    \(\sin \gamma = 0\)

Though these values provide insight into maximal calculation rather than minimal, shift to options for potential negative:

  1. To ensure negativity, let's consider \(\alpha = -\frac{\pi}{2}, \beta = \frac{\pi}{2}, \gamma = \pi\), which results\)

This scenario yields \(\sin(-\frac{\pi}{2}) + \sin(\frac{\pi}{2}) + \sin(0)\ = -1 + 1 + 0 = 0\).

  1. Negative cavities appear in alternate angle trials. Set \(α\)\(β\), and \(γ\) strategically around one angle being less than zero.
  2. As sine functions can approach or exceed -3 within constraints and alternate estimates, the negative outcome draws more frequently as choices dictate.

While exact structured min remains infeasible within specific combos, negative tendencies affirm answer evaluation.

Thus, the minimum value of the provided expression under valid trigonometric manipulation is negative.

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