Making sauerkraut relies on shredded cabbage undergoing natural lactic acid fermentation, and salt plays a balancing role in this. Too little salt, below about 2 percent, leaves the cabbage soft and prone to spoilage, while too much salt, above roughly 3 percent, ends up suppressing the very lactic acid bacteria that are supposed to ferment it. The commercial sweet spot sits right in between, so the salt concentration used is about 2 to 3 percent.