An activity that depends on several other activities cannot start until every single one of those activities has actually finished, so its earliest start time is fixed by whichever predecessor finishes last, not by the ones that finish early. Here W, X, Y and Z finish at 12, 15, 10 and 6 respectively, and A must wait for all four, so it can only begin once the slowest of them, X at 15, is done. The earliest start time for A is therefore 15, which is option 3.