Question:medium

Solution of the differential equation \(x = 1 + xy\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{(xy)^2}{2!}\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2 + \frac{(xy)^3}{3!}\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^3 + ..........\) is

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Recognize the exponential series: \(e^t = 1 + t + \frac{t^2}{2!} + \frac{t^3}{3!} + ..........\).
Updated On: Jun 17, 2026
  • \(y = e^{\log x} + C\)
  • \(y = e^{(\log x)^2} + C\)
  • \(y = \pm e^{\frac{(\log x)^2}{2}} + C\)
  • \(xy = x + C y\)
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

To solve the given differential equation, observe that the equation is an infinite series similar to the Taylor expansion of the exponential function. Let's examine the equation:

\(x = 1 + xy\frac{dy}{dx} + \frac{(xy)^2}{2!}\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^2 + \frac{(xy)^3}{3!}\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)^3 + \ldots\)

This can be rewritten using the concept of exponential series:

\(x = \exp(xy\frac{dy}{dx})\)

Assuming \(xy\frac{dy}{dx} = z\), the series becomes:

\(x = e^z\)

Now, using \(z = xy\frac{dy}{dx}\), the differential equation transforms as follows:

Since \(e^z = x\), we have \(z = \log x\).

Therefore,

\(xy\frac{dy}{dx} = \log x\)

Separate the variables to solve:

\(y\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{\log x}{x}\)

Integrate both sides:

\(\int y\frac{dy}{dx} \, dx = \int \frac{\log x}{x} \, dx\)

Solving the left side:

\(\int y \, dy = \frac{y^2}{2} + C_1\)

Solving the right side using by parts (let \(u = \log x, \, dv = \frac{1}{x} \, dx\)):

\(\int \log x \, d(\log x) = \frac{(\log x)^2}{2} + C_2\)

Setting both integrals equal gives:

\(\frac{y^2}{2} = \frac{(\log x)^2}{2} + C\)

Rearrange the equation:

\(y^2 = (\log x)^2 + 2C = (\log x)^2 + C'\).

Pursue a square root, and include the \(\pm\) sign due to the nature of square roots:

\(y = \pm e^{\frac{(\log x)^2}{2}} + C\)

Thus, the correct solution to the differential equation is:

Correct Answer: \(y = \pm e^{\frac{(\log x)^2}{2}} + C\)

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