Question

Prolonged deficiency of nicotinic acid causes

• A. pellagra
• B. xerophthalmia
• C. osteomalacia
• D. anaemia.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The question asks about the disease caused by the prolonged deficiency of nicotinic acid, which is also known as niacin or vitamin B3. Let's break down the options to identify the correct answer.

1. Pellagra: Pellagra is a disease that results from the deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3). It is characterized by the three "D's": dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. If not treated, it can lead to death. Therefore, pellagra is the correct answer.
2. Xerophthalmia: This condition is related to vitamin A deficiency and affects the eyes, leading to dryness and potential blindness. It is not related to niacin deficiency.
3. Osteomalacia: This refers to the softening of the bones, typically due to a deficiency of vitamin D. It is unrelated to nicotinic acid deficiency.
4. Anaemia: Anaemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, and it can be caused by various deficiencies, including iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid, but not directly by niacin deficiency.

From the analysis above, it is clear that the correct answer is pellagra.