Question

McKim Marriot gave the concept of universalization and parochialization in his work on

• A. Gaya
• B. Rampura
• C. Kishangarhi
• D. Shivapura

Hint:

When you see the terms "universalization" and "parochialization" or "Great and Little Traditions" in the context of Indian anthropology, the key scholar to remember is McKim Marriott, and his fieldsite is Kishangarhi.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Concept Summary:
The question concerns McKim Marriott's concepts of "universalization" and "parochialization," developed through a specific village study. These concepts describe the interaction between the pan-Indian "Great Tradition" (Sanskritic Hinduism) and local "Little Tradition" in Indian villages.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Universalization: The process where elements from the Little Tradition are integrated into the Great Tradition.
- Parochialization: The process where elements from the Great Tradition are adapted and reinterpreted within the Little Tradition.
- McKim Marriott's concepts are based on his 1950s ethnographic fieldwork in Kishangarhi, a village in the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh, India. His analysis appeared in "Little Communities in an Indigenous Civilization," published in "Village India: Studies in the Little Community" (1955).
- The other villages mentioned are associated with the studies of different anthropologists (e.g., Rampura with M.N. Srinivas).
Step 3: Answer:
McKim Marriott's study of Kishangarhi village informed his concepts of universalization and parochialization.