Question

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Niyama/ Observations)	List-II (Description)
(A) Śauca	(I) Purity of body, mind, thought
(B) Santoṣa	(II) Positive Contentment
(C) Tapas	(III) Self-study, introspection
(D) Svādhyāya	(IV) Austerity

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Memorizing the eight limbs of Ashtanga Yoga (Yamas, Niyamas, Asana, etc.) and the components of each limb is essential for questions on Indian philosophy and yoga. Create flashcards or mnemonics to remember the terms and their meanings.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Conceptual Understanding:
The objective is to match the Niyamas, the second of Patanjali's eight limbs of yoga, with their corresponding English definitions.

Step 2: Detailed Definitions and Matches:
Each Niyama from List-I is defined and matched with its description in List-II.
(A) Śauca: Defined as purity and cleanliness, encompassing both external (body) and internal (mind, speech, thoughts) aspects. This aligns with (I) Purity of body, mind, thought.
(B) Santoṣa: This term signifies contentment, the practice of accepting and appreciating one's current circumstances without craving the unattainable. This matches (II) Positive Contentment.
(C) Tapas: Refers to austerity, self-discipline, and the spiritual endeavor or "heat" that purifies the mind and body, fostering willpower. This corresponds to (IV) Austerity.
(D) Svādhyāya: This means self-study or introspection, including the examination of sacred texts for self-realization. This aligns with (III) Self-study, introspection.

Step 3: Conclusion:
The established correct pairings are:
A - I
B - II
C - IV
D - III

This set of matches corresponds to option (2).