Question

Match List I (Nutrient excess or deficiency) with List II (Clinical effects) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.

List I (Nutrient excess or deficiency)	List II (Clinical effects)
A. Copper	1. Eczematous dermatitis around nose and mouth
B. Iron	2. Diabetes mellitus
C. Zinc	3. Increased density of bone
D. Fluoride	4. Chronic liver disease

• A. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
• B. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
• C. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
• D. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

Hint:

Think of Wilson's disease and hemochromatosis for the metal-organ links.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Each item in List I is a nutrient whose excess or deficiency causes a specific effect in List II. Let's go through each pairing.

1. Copper, linked to item 4, chronic liver disease: Excess copper, as in Wilson's disease, builds up in the liver and causes chronic liver damage, along with neurological and eye changes (Kayser-Fleischer rings).
2. Iron, linked to item 2, diabetes mellitus: Excess iron, as in hemochromatosis, deposits in the pancreas and damages the insulin producing islet cells, giving the classic picture of bronze diabetes along with skin darkening and liver disease.
3. Zinc, linked to item 1, eczematous dermatitis around nose and mouth: Zinc deficiency causes acrodermatitis enteropathica, a condition with crusted, eczema like skin lesions clustered around the mouth, nose, and other openings, plus hair loss and poor wound healing.
4. Fluoride, linked to item 3, increased density of bone: Long term excess fluoride causes skeletal fluorosis, where bones become denser on X-ray from extra fluoride deposition, though the bone is actually weaker and more prone to fracture despite looking denser.

Matching each nutrient this way gives Copper to 4, Iron to 2, Zinc to 1, and Fluoride to 3, which lines up with the first code option.

Let's summarize:

• Copper excess (Wilson's disease) causes chronic liver disease.
• Iron excess (hemochromatosis) causes diabetes mellitus.
• Zinc deficiency causes eczematous dermatitis around the nose and mouth.
• Fluoride excess causes increased bone density (skeletal fluorosis).

So the correct match is A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3.