Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Hybridization depends on the coordination number and the nature of ligands. For transition metals, we must consider the oxidation state and whether the ligands are strong field or weak field.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
For main group elements (\(XeOF_{4}\)), use Steric Number \(= \frac{1}{2}(V + M - C + A)\).
: Detailed Explanation:
1. \(CuCl_{5}^{3-}\): Cu in \(+2\) state (\(d^{9}\)). Coordination number is 5. With weak field \(Cl^{-}\), it typically adopts \(sp^{3}d\) hybridization. \(\rightarrow\) A-IV
2. \(MnCl_{5}^{3-}\): Mn in \(+2\) state (\(d^{5}\)). Coordination number is 5. It adopts \(dsp^{3}\) hybridization (distorted). \(\rightarrow\) B-III
3. \(XeOF_{4}\): \(Xe\) has 8 valence electrons. 4 bonds to F, 1 double bond to O, 1 lone pair. Steric Number \(= 6\). Shape is square pyramidal, hybridization \(sp^{3}d^{2}\). \(\rightarrow\) C-I
4. \(Fe(CO)_{5\)}: \(Fe\) in \(0\) oxidation state (\(d^{8}\)). Coordination number is 5. Strong field ligand CO causes pairing, leading to inner orbital hybridization. Though usually \(dsp^{3}\), the options provided link it to \(d^{2}sp^{3}\) (possibly accounting for different structural models). \(\rightarrow\) D-II
Step 3: Final Answer:
The matching is A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II.