Question:medium

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant is reduced from \(0.6\ \text{mol L}^{-1}\) to \(0.2\ \text{mol L}^{-1}\) in \(5\) min. What is the rate constant of the reaction? \((\log 3=0.4771)\)

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For a first-order reaction, \[ k=\frac{2.303}{t}\log\left(\frac{[A]_0}{[A]_t}\right) \] The unit of the first-order rate constant is always reciprocal time \((\text{time}^{-1})\).
Updated On: Jun 26, 2026
  • \(0.219\ \text{min}^{-1}\)
  • \(0.325\ \text{min}^{-1}\)
  • \(0.421\ \text{min}^{-1}\)
  • \(0.522\ \text{min}^{-1}\)
Show Solution

The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Write the integrated rate law for a first-order reaction.
\[ k = \frac{2.303}{t} \log\!\left(\frac{[A]_0}{[A]_t}\right) \] where $[A]_0$ is the initial concentration, $[A]_t$ is the concentration at time $t$.
Step 2: Identify the given values.
$[A]_0 = 0.6\ \text{mol L}^{-1}$, $[A]_t = 0.2\ \text{mol L}^{-1}$, $t = 5\ \text{min}$.
Step 3: Calculate the concentration ratio.
\[ \frac{[A]_0}{[A]_t} = \frac{0.6}{0.2} = 3 \]
Step 4: Take the logarithm.
We are given $\log 3 = 0.4771$.
Step 5: Substitute all values.
\[ k = \frac{2.303}{5} \times 0.4771 = 0.4606 \times 0.4771 \approx 0.2197\ \text{min}^{-1} \]
Step 6: Round to correct significant figures.
\[ k \approx 0.219\ \text{min}^{-1} \] The units $\text{min}^{-1}$ confirm this is a first-order rate constant.
Step 7: State the final answer.
\[ \boxed{k \approx 0.219\ \text{min}^{-1}} \]
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