Question

Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity.

• A. Active immunity is quick and gives full response
• B. Foetus receives some antibodies from mother, it is an example for passive immunity
• C. When exposed to antigen (living or dead) antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called "Active immunity
• D. When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called "Passive immunity"

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine the incorrect statement about immunity, we need to understand the concepts of active and passive immunity.

• Active Immunity: This type of immunity occurs when a person's immune system produces antibodies in response to the presence of an antigen. This can happen through exposure to the disease-causing microorganism or through vaccination (injecting the antigen into the body). Active immunity is not immediate—it takes time for the body to recognize the antigen and produce a full immune response. However, it generally provides long-lasting protection.
• Passive Immunity: This form of immunity is provided when a person is given ready-made antibodies. It includes maternal antibodies passed to the fetus through the placenta and can also occur through antibody-containing preparations (immunoglobulins). Passive immunity offers temporary protection, but the response is immediate since the antibodies are directly supplied to the body.

Let's analyze the given statements:

1. Active immunity is quick and gives full response
   - This statement is incorrect because active immunity is not quick; it takes time for the immune system to respond and develop full immunity.
2. Foetus receives some antibodies from mother, it is an example for passive immunity
   - This statement is correct. The fetus receives maternal antibodies during pregnancy, which is a classic example of passive immunity.
3. When exposed to antigen (living or dead), antibodies are produced in the host's body. It is called "Active immunity"
   - This statement is correct. The exposure to an antigen, such as through vaccination, triggers the host's immune system to produce antibodies, characteristic of active immunity.
4. When ready-made antibodies are directly given, it is called "Passive immunity"
   - This statement is correct. Direct transfer of antibodies to an individual is indeed a passive form of immunity.

Therefore, the incorrect statement about immunity is: "Active immunity is quick and gives full response." Active immunity is not immediate as it requires time for the body to produce antibodies and achieve full immune response.