Question

HIV viral RNA is converted to proviral DNA using enzyme?

• A. Helicase
• B. Proteinase
• C. Integrase
• D. Reverse transcriptase

Hint:

HIV uses reverse transcriptase to convert viral RNA into DNA.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
HIV is a retrovirus. Its genetic material is RNA, but for it to integrate into the human host's genome, it must first be converted into DNA.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Reverse Transcriptase: This enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template. This process is called "reverse transcription" because it goes against the "central dogma" of biology (where DNA makes RNA).
2. Others: Integrase helps the new DNA enter the host's chromosome. Proteinase (Protease) helps in the final assembly of new viral particles. Helicase is involved in unwinding DNA during normal replication.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The conversion of viral RNA into proviral DNA is performed solely by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.