Example from a dictionary: "The volcano erupted with a loud roar, sending lava and ash into the air."
In the text: "The volcano suddenly erupted, causing widespread panic and destruction."
Example from a dictionary: "A surge of energy passed through her as she began the race."
In the text: "A surge of anger flooded him when he heard the unfair decision."
Example from a dictionary: "The detective followed the trace of the suspect’s footprints to the house."
In the text: "They could trace the source of the problem to a single, small mistake."
Example from a dictionary: "The artist led an undistinguished life, with little recognition for his work."
In the text: "He lived an undistinguished life, always blending into the crowd and rarely standing out."
Example from a dictionary: "There were several casualties in the accident, and the wounded were rushed to the hospital."
In the text: "The battle resulted in heavy casualties, with many soldiers injured or lost."
In conclusion, these words—"erupt," "surge," "trace," "undistinguished," and "casualty"—are used in different contexts, but they all convey significant meanings related to sudden actions, events, or characteristics. By looking them up in a dictionary and analyzing the examples, we can better understand how these words function in the text.
Study the words in italics in the sentences below. They are formed by prefixing un – or in – to their antonyms (words opposite in meaning).
• I was a short boy with rather undistinguished looks. (un + distinguished)
• My austere father used to avoid all inessential comforts.(in + essential)
• The area was completely unaffected by the war.(un + affected)
• He should not spread the poison of social inequality and communal intolerance. (in + equality, in + tolerance)
Now form the opposites of the words below by prefixing un- or in-. The prefix in-can also have the forms il-, ir-, or im- (for example: illiterate –il + literate, impractical – im + practical, irrational – ir + rational). You may consult a dictionary if you wish.
| ____adequate | _____acceptable | _____regular | ____tolerant |
| _____demanding | ______active | ____true | ____permanent |
| ___patriotic | ____disputed | ____accessible | _____coherent |
| ____logical | ____legal | ______responsible | _____possible |