Question

Convert : (a) Benzene into benzaldehyde, (b) Cyclohexene into adipic acid.

Hint:

Adipic acid is a precursor for Nylon-6,6. Its green synthesis often uses cyclohexene and hydrogen peroxide.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Direct formylation of benzene is achieved by reacting benzene with carbon monoxide and \(HCl\) in the presence of a catalyst.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
When benzene is treated with carbon monoxide (\(CO\)) and hydrogen chloride (\(HCl\)) in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride (\(AlCl_3\)) or cuprous chloride (\(CuCl\)), benzaldehyde is formed.
Chemical Equation:
\[ C_6H_6 + CO + HCl \xrightarrow{\text{anh. } AlCl_3} C_6H_5CHO \]
Step 4: Final Answer:
Benzaldehyde is prepared from benzene using the Gatterman-Koch reaction.