Question:medium

Amongst the following 3d-series elements, having highest value of first ionization enthalpy is ________.

Show Hint

Full-filled ($d^{10}s^2$) and half-filled ($d^5s^1$) configurations often show deviations in IE trends. Zn is particularly high because the electron is removed from a stable $4s^2$ shell with a high nuclear charge.
  • Zn
  • Cu
  • Co
  • Sc
Show Solution

The Correct Option is A

Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
First Ionization Enthalpy is the energy required to remove the first electron from an isolated gaseous atom. It generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge and decreasing atomic size.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Across the \(3d\) series (\(Sc\) to \(Zn\)), the effective nuclear charge increases.
Zinc (\(Zn\)) is the last element of the \(3d\) transition series.
The electronic configuration of \(Zn\) is \([Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^2\).
Both the \(3d\) and \(4s\) subshells are completely filled, providing extra stability.
Removing an electron from the stable, fully-filled \(4s^2\) configuration of \(Zn\) requires significantly more energy compared to other elements in the series.
Step 4: Final Answer:
Zinc (\(Zn\)) has the highest first ionization enthalpy among the given elements.
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