Consider a scenario in which DHCP clients and servers are on the same subnet. Here the communication between DHCP clients and servers will take place via:
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DHCP discovery and offer messages use UDP broadcast, while further communication might use unicast once the IP address is assigned.
During DHCP, clients on the same subnet communicate with the server via UDP broadcast. This approach is necessary because clients initially lack an IP address, which precludes unicast communication. DHCP leverages UDP ports 67 and 68 for this process.