Question

As per Bronsted-Lowry concept, acid is defined as:

• A. Electron pair acceptor
• B. Any substance/molecule that can accept a proton
• C. Any substance/molecule that can donate a proton
• D. Electron pair donor

Hint:

In the Bronsted-Lowry theory, acids donate protons (H\(^+\)), while bases accept protons. This theory explains acid-base reactions in aqueous and non-aqueous systems.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Two acid-base theories are often confused: Bronsted-Lowry, defined around \(H^+\) transfer, and Lewis, defined around electron pair movement. The question is specifically about the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid.

Step 2: Key Fact:
Under Bronsted-Lowry theory, an acid is any species that donates a proton (\(H^+\)) in a reaction, while the species that accepts that proton is called the base. This is a proton centered definition, not an electron centered one.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Electron pair acceptor and electron pair donor are the Lewis definitions of acid and base, framed around electrons, not protons.
Accepting a proton is how Bronsted-Lowry defines a base, the opposite role from what the question asks about.
Only donating a proton correctly defines a Bronsted-Lowry acid.

Step 4: Final Answer:
A Bronsted-Lowry acid is any substance that can donate a proton.