Question

Angular shape of ozone molecule consists of

• A. 1 sigma and 2 pi-bonds
• B. 2 sigma and 2 pi-bonds
• C. 1 sigma and 1 pi-bond
• D. 2 sigma and 1 pi-bond

Hint:

For molecules like ozone with resonance structures, count sigma bonds individually but pi bonds collectively based on resonance. Always consider delocalization in calculating actual bond characteristics.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Ozone (\( O_3 \)) Structure
Ozone comprises three oxygen atoms, forming a bent, not linear, structure due to lone pairs on the central oxygen atom.
Step 2: Ozone Bonding
Ozone exhibits resonance between \( O=O-O \) and \( O-O=O \). The actual structure is a hybrid with delocalized double bond character. One pi bond is spread over two oxygen atoms, resulting in O–O bonds with bond orders of approximately 1.5. 
Step 3: Sigma and Pi Bond Analysis
Each O–O bond includes one sigma bond, and there are two O–O bonds. One pi bond is delocalized across these two bonds. Thus, the total is 2 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond. \[\n\text{Total bonding} = 2\sigma + 1\pi\n\] Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.