Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Lucas' reagent (\(conc. HCl + ZnCl_{2}\)) is used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. The reaction proceeds via a carbocation intermediate. Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The reactivity of alcohols with Lucas' reagent depends on the stability of the carbocation formed. The order of reactivity is:
\[ \text{Tertiary } (3^{\circ})>\text{Secondary } (2^{\circ})>\text{Primary } (1^{\circ}) \]
Tertiary alcohols react immediately to produce turbidity. Secondary alcohols react within 5 minutes, and primary alcohols do not react at room temperature.
Analyzing the provided structure:
- Position 1: \(1^{\circ}\) alcohol.
- Position 5 and 6: \(2^{\circ}\) alcohols.
- Position 4: The carbon is attached to three other carbon atoms, making it a tertiary (\(3^{\circ}\)) alcohol.
Therefore, the alcoholic group at position 4 will react fastest. Step 3: Final Answer:
The alcohol at position 4 reacts fastest.
