Step 1: Recall what albedo describes.
Albedo is simply a measure of how much sunlight a surface sends back into space rather than absorbing it.
Step 2: Compare bright and dark surfaces.
Snow and ice have a high albedo because they bounce back most of the incoming light, while dark surfaces like forests or asphalt have a low albedo because they soak up most of the radiation as heat.
Step 3: Match this to the options.
Since albedo is about sunlight bouncing off a surface rather than being absorbed, emitted, or conducted, it describes reflection.
\[ \boxed{\text{Reflection}} \]