Urban air contamination is mainly caused by vehicle exhausts and industrial processes. To effectively manage this, practical strategies should prioritize decreasing reliance on fossil-fuel vehicles and encouraging cleaner, more efficient transportation methods.
The integration of Metro Rail and CNG Buses presents a viable, eco-friendly approach to reducing urban air pollution.
Alternative solutions, while potentially useful, do not adequately address cleaner fuel (e.g., Ring Railway) or the reduction of individual vehicle usage as effectively as Metro and CNG systems.