Step 1: Link the clue to a place.
Martial arts and an Indian monk in China point to the Shaolin temple and to Chan or Zen Buddhism. This helps us look for one famous name.
Step 2: Recall who founded that tradition.
Chinese texts credit Bodhidharma, also called Damo, with starting Chan and with teaching the monks body exercises to keep them strong during long meditation.
Step 3: Rule out the rest.
Bodhisattva is a title and not a person. Vasubandhu was a philosopher and writer. Bodhicharya is a path of conduct and not a monk who went to China.
Step 4: Match with the options.
Option 2 names Bodhidharma, which fits every clue in the question.
Step 5: Second check.
Another way to remember is the story of the Shaolin temple on Mount Song. Chinese accounts say Bodhidharma sat in meditation there for years and taught the monks exercises. These later grew into Shaolin kung fu. No such story is told about the other three names in the options, so a second check still gives option 2.
Final Answer:
Bodhidharma is the monk, so option 2 is correct.
\[\boxed{\text{Option 2}}\]