(A): Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterised by hyperglycemia. (R): Glycosuria occur when blood glucose levels are high and beyond $120~mg/dl$.
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When the kidneys spill glucose into the urine (glycosuria), it acts as an osmotic diuretic, pulling water along with it. This causes the classic diabetes symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst).