Question:medium
A closed system undergoes a process in which it interacts with the surroundings maintained at \(T_{0} = 300\text{ K}\) and \(P_{0} = 100\text{ kPa}\). During the process:
\(\bullet\) The system receives 1000 kJ of heat from a reservoir at 1200 K.
\(\bullet\) The system does 500 kJ of boundary work on the surroundings.
\(\bullet\) There is no change in kinetic or potential energy, and the process ends at the dead state (equilibrium with surroundings).
Which of the following statements is most correct?
A closed system undergoes a process in which it interacts with the surroundings maintained at \(T_{0} = 300\text{ K}\) and \(P_{0} = 100\text{ kPa}\). During the process:
\(\bullet\) The system receives 1000 kJ of heat from a reservoir at 1200 K.
\(\bullet\) The system does 500 kJ of boundary work on the surroundings.
\(\bullet\) There is no change in kinetic or potential energy, and the process ends at the dead state (equilibrium with surroundings).
Which of the following statements is most correct?
\(\bullet\) The system receives 1000 kJ of heat from a reservoir at 1200 K.
\(\bullet\) The system does 500 kJ of boundary work on the surroundings.
\(\bullet\) There is no change in kinetic or potential energy, and the process ends at the dead state (equilibrium with surroundings).
Which of the following statements is most correct?
Show Hint
First calculate $W_{\text{max,useful}}$ using the Carnot factor.
Since $1000 \times (1 - 300/1200) = 750\text{ kJ}$, this eliminates option B.
Then, the difference between this theoretical limit and the actual work done ($750 - 500$) gives the irreversibility of $250\text{ kJ}$, pointing directly to option D.
Since $1000 \times (1 - 300/1200) = 750\text{ kJ}$, this eliminates option B.
Then, the difference between this theoretical limit and the actual work done ($750 - 500$) gives the irreversibility of $250\text{ kJ}$, pointing directly to option D.
Updated On: Jul 9, 2026
- The maximum useful work (availability) from the given heat input is 750 kJ, and the irreversibility is 750 kJ.
- The maximum useful work (availability) from the given heat input is 500 kJ, and the irreversibility is 250 kJ.
- The maximum useful work (availability) from the given heat input is 750 kJ, and the irreversibility is 500 kJ.
- The maximum useful work (availability) from the given heat input is 750 kJ, and the irreversibility is 250 kJ.
Show Solution
The Correct Option is D
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