List of top Physics Questions on Nuclear physics

In the nuclear reaction : \[ {}_{1}^{2}\text{H} + {}_{1}^{2}\text{H} \rightarrow {}_{2}^{\text{A}}\text{X} + {}_{0}^{1}\text{n} \] (a) Find the value of A.
(b) Calculate the amount of energy released in the reaction.
Given : \( m\left({}_{1}^{2}\text{H}\right) = 2.014102\text{ u} \), \( m\left({}_{2}^{\text{A}}\text{X}\right) = 3.016049\text{ u} \), \( m\left({}_{0}^{1}\text{n}\right) = 1.008665\text{ u} \), \( 1\text{ u} = 931.5\text{ MeV}/c^2 \)
An atom \( ^8_3X \) is bombarded by a shower of fundamental particles and in 10 s this atom absorbed 10 electrons, 10 protons and 9 neutrons. The percentage growth in the surface area of the nucleus is recorded by:
Write any two features of nuclear forces.
The energy released when $\frac{7}{17.13} \text{ kg}$ of ${}^7_3\text{Li}$ is converted into ${}^4_2\text{He}$ by proton bombardment is $\alpha \times 10^{32} \text{ eV}$. The value of $\alpha$ is ____. (Nearest integer)
(Mass of ${}^7_3\text{Li} = 7.0183 \text{ u}$, mass of ${}^4_2\text{He} = 4.004 \text{ u}$, mass of proton $= 1.008 \text{ u}$ and $1 \text{ u} = 931 \text{ MeV}/c^2$ and Avogadro number $= 6.0 \times 10^{23}$)
Two nuclei \(A(200\,amu)\) and \(B(212\,amu)\) undergoes \(\alpha\)-decay and Q-value is same and equal to \(1\,MeV\). Find ratio of KE of \(\alpha\)-particle.
A \(7.9\ \text{MeV}\) \(\alpha\)-particle scatters from a target material of atomic number \(79\). From the given data, the estimated diameter of the nuclei of the target material is (approximately) _________ m. \[ \left[\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}=9\times10^9\ \text{Nm}^2\text{/C}^2 \text{ and electron charge }=1.6\times10^{-19}\ \text{C}\right] \]
An \( \alpha \)-particle having kinetic energy \(7.7\,\text{MeV}\) is approaching a fixed gold nucleus (atomic number \(Z = 79\)). Find the distance of closest approach.

A small bob A of mass m is attached to a massless rigid rod of length 1 m pivoted at point P and kept at an angle of 60° with vertical. At 1 m below P, bob B is kept on a smooth surface. If bob B just manages to complete the circular path of radius R after being hit elastically by A, then radius R is_______ m :

For given nuclear reactions:
\[ ^4_2\mathrm{He} + ^1_0\mathrm{n} \rightarrow ^3_2\mathrm{He} + 20\,\text{MeV} \] \[ ^4_2\mathrm{He} + ^1_0\mathrm{n} \rightarrow ^4_2\mathrm{He} - 0.9\,\text{MeV} \] $X_3$ represents stability of $^3_2\mathrm{He}$, $X_4$ represents stability of $^4_2\mathrm{He}$ and $X_5$ represents stability of $^5_2\mathrm{He}$. Compare the stabilities.
(a) 1. Which element is used in the lining of the special aprons worn by workers in nuclear power plants?
2. Why is this element preferred?
(b) \(^{24}_{11}\)Na emits a nuclear radiation which does not alter the mass number and is deflected by a magnetic field.
1. Name the type of nuclear radiation emitted by \(^{24}_{11}\)Na.
2. Write the equation for this radioactive decay.
Give two differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
Complete the following: __________ radiation deviates minimum in a magnetic field.
Nuclides with the same number of neutrons are called:
The minimum frequency of photon required to break a particle of mass $15.348$ amu into $4$ particles is __________ kHz.
[Mass of He nucleus $=4.002$ amu, $1$ amu $=1.66\times10^{-27}$ kg, $h=6.6\times10^{-34}$ J$\cdot$s and $c=3\times10^8$ m/s]
An atom \({}_3^8 X\) is bombarded with electrons, neutrons and protons and in 10 sec, 10 electrons, 10 protons and 9 neutrons are absorbed. If final surface area is x% of initial area, find x : -
Mass number of a nucleus is \(\alpha\) and its radius is \(R_\alpha\). Radius of another nucleus of mass number \(\beta\) is \(R_\beta\). If \(\beta = 8\alpha\), then find \(\dfrac{R_\alpha}{R_\beta}\).
An \( \alpha \)-particle with KE 7.9 MeV is projected towards a stationary target nucleus of \( Z = 79 \). Find the distance of closest approach.
An \( \alpha \)-particle having kinetic energy 7.7 MeV is approaching a fixed gold nucleus (atomic number is 79). Find the distance of closest approach.
Statement - I : Greater is the mass of nucleus, more will be its binding energy.
Statement - II : Nucleus with less $\frac{BE}{A}$ (Binding energy/nucleon) breaks into nucleus with higher $\frac{BE}{A}$.
Choose the correct option :
Which of the following is an isobaric pair :
Energy released per fission of U-235 is 190 MeV, then total energy released by 47 g of U-235 is \(x \times 10^{23}\) MeV. Find the value of x.
An \( \alpha \)-particle of energy \(8\,\text{MeV}\) is directed towards a fixed copper nucleus \((Z = 29)\). Calculate the distance of closest approach.
The wavelengths of \(K_\alpha\) and \(L_\alpha\) X-rays of a material are 21.3 pm and 141 pm, respectively. Then, the wavelength of the \(K_\beta\) X-ray of the material is given by:
The cut-off wavelength for the continuous X-rays coming from an X-ray tube operating at 30 kV is:
In a gamma decay process, the internal energy of the nucleus of mass \(M\) decreases, a gamma photon of energy \(E\) and linear momentum \(\dfrac{E}{c}\) is emitted, and the nucleus recoils. The decrease of internal energy is: