List of top Environmental Sciences Questions on Ecology and Environment

It took 168 years for a population to increase from 0.4 million to 3.2 million. If we assume exponential growth at a constant rate over that period of time, the growth rate would be approximately:

The main limiting factors for both plants and animals on a global scale are:
A. Fire
B. pH
C. Temperature
D. Moisture
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match List I with List II:

LIST I - Ecological Parameters	LIST II - Unit of Measurement
A. Net primary productivity	I. g/m2
B. Absorbed photosynthetically active radiation	II. g/L
C. Phosphorus	III. Joules/area/year
D. Plant biomass	IV. gC/area/year

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Island communities are a special case in community dynamics in which species makeup is driven by interaction between:
A. Predator abundance
B. Disturbance
C. Colonization
D. Extinction
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Arrange the stages by which a species becomes invasive in an area:
A. Introduced
B. Established
C. Pest
D. Imported
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Polar species tend to have longer geographical ranges than tropical species in many taxonomic groups. This is generally known as:

Match List I with List II:

LIST I (Aquaculture system)	LIST II (Potential Environmental Impact)
A. Coastal Pond	I. Transfer of diseases
B. Inland Pond	II. Introduction of exotic species
C. Mollusk Culture	III. Destruction of mangroves
D. Net Pen/Cage	IV. Degradation of land

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Arrange the following phases of successional development of a vegetation community in reverse order (last to first) as suggested by F.E. Clements:
Phases:
A. Phase of migration
B. Phase of nudation
C. Phase of ecesis
D. Phase of reaction
E. Phase of stabilization
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Match List I with List II:

LIST I	LIST II
A. Fragmentation	I. Degradation of detritus into simple inorganic substances by bacteria and fungi
B. Humification	II. Release of nutrients from humus by microbial action
C. Catabolism	III. Breakdown of detritus by earthworms into smaller particles
D. Mineralisation	IV. Dark coloured substances, highly resistant to microbial action

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The process that results in a chemical becoming increasingly concentrated at successive higher trophic levels in a food web is referred to as:

Acidic soils are mostly found in:
A. Cold climate
B. Hot climate
C. Dry climate
D. Humid climate
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Arrange the following soil horizons as they occur from top to bottom:
Horizons:
A. O horizon
B. A horizon
C. B horizon
D. E horizon
E. C horizon
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following forest types occupies the largest area in India?