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List of top Computer Organization and Architecture Questions on Structural Hazards

The EX stage of a pipelined processor performs the memory read operations for LOAD instructions, and the operations for the arithmetic and logic instructions. Let \(t_{EX}\) denote the time taken by the EX stage to perform the operation for an instruction. For each instruction type, the values of \(t_{EX}\) and \(M\) (the number of instructions of that type in a sequence of 100 instructions for a program P), are given in the table below.
The duration of the pipeline clock cycle is 1 nanosecond. Assume that the latch time for the interstage buffers in the pipeline is negligible.
Instruction\(t_{EX}\) in nanoseconds\(M\)
LOAD1.815
IMUL1.510
IDIV2.55
FADD1.710
FSUB1.75
FMUL2.815
FDIV3.25
All other instructionsLess than 1.035
When program P is executed, the number of clock cycles for which the pipeline is stalled due to structural hazards in the EX stage is ______. (answer in integer)
  • GATE CS - 2026
  • GATE CS
  • Computer Organization and Architecture
  • Structural Hazards
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