Step 1: Think in terms of mind, economy, and society.
Modernization can be broken into a change in how people think, a change in how the economy works, and a change in how society is organised.
Step 2: Fill in each part.
The mind shifts toward reason and science, the economy shifts toward industry and technology, and society shifts toward openness, where achievement matters more than birth.
Final Answer:
Modernization is marked by rational thinking, industrial and technological growth, and achievement based social mobility.