Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This work is a cornerstone of classical sociological theory, investigating the influence of religious beliefs on economic behavior.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Max Weber wrote this book (originally published as a series of essays in 1904-05) to challenge the purely materialist view of history proposed by Marx.
Weber argued that specific Protestant values, particularly those of Calvinism, emphasized hard work, discipline, and frugality as signs of being "chosen" for salvation.
This "ethic" promoted the accumulation of capital and its reinvestment, which Weber called the "Spirit of Capitalism."
He famously concluded that ideas and culture can be powerful drivers of economic change.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Max Weber authored the book.