Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
"Marginal Gandhi" is a slight mistranslation or variation of the title "Frontier Gandhi" (Sarhadi Gandhi). This title was given to a charismatic Pashtun leader who successfully implemented Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy of {Ahimsa} (non-violence) in the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), a region historically known for its warrior culture and violence.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan: He was the undisputed leader of the Pashtuns and a lifelong friend of Mahatma Gandhi. His deep commitment to non-violence earned him the nickname "Frontier Gandhi."
2. The Khudai Khidmatgars: In 1929, he founded the "Khudai Khidmatgars" (Servants of God), a non-violent movement against British colonial rule. The members wore red uniforms, earning them the name "Red Shirts." They played a massive role in the Civil Disobedience Movement in the 1930s.
3. Opposition to Partition: Ghaffar Khan was a member of the Congress and strongly opposed the religious division of India. He famously told the Congress leadership that they had "thrown the Pashtuns to the wolves" by agreeing to the partition of India without a plebiscite that included the option for an independent Pashtunistan.
4. Post-Independence: After partition, he remained in Pakistan and continued to fight for the rights of the Pashtun people, facing many years of imprisonment and house arrest. He was the first non-Indian to be awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1987.
5. Evaluating Options:
- Mahatma Gandhi: He is the "Father of the Nation."
- Mohammad Ali Jinnah: He is the "Baba-e-Qaum" (Father of the Nation) of Pakistan.
- Option (C): This appears to be a typographical error in the memory-based paper.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan is the leader referred to as the "Frontier/Marginal Gandhi." Thus, (D) is the correct answer.