Question

Which sequence of steps is correct in the development of a genetically modified (GM) crop?
A. Insertion of the gene into the vector.
B. Identification of a desired gene.
C. Selection and screening of transformed plants.
D. Transfer of the vector into a plant cell.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A, B, C, D
• B. B, A, D, C
• C. A, C, B, D
• D. D, A, C, B

Hint:

Think of the process like sending a letter. First, you decide what to write (\textbf{B}, identify gene). Then, you put the letter in an envelope (\textbf{A}, insert into vector). Next, you mail the envelope (\textbf{D}, transfer vector). Finally, you check if the recipient received and understood it (\textbf{C}, select and screen).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Concept Overview:
The question requires ordering the steps to produce a genetically modified (GM) plant in the correct logical and chronological sequence.
Step 2: Step-by-Step Breakdown:
Here's the logical sequence of steps:

B. Gene Identification: The initial step involves identifying a specific gene responsible for a desired characteristic (e.g., insect resistance, herbicide tolerance, or enhanced nutritional value). This gene is the target for transfer.
A. Vector Insertion: After identifying the desired gene, it must be inserted into a suitable vector (typically a plasmid, such as the Ti plasmid from *Agrobacterium tumefaciens*). This process creates recombinant DNA.
D. Plant Cell Transformation: The recombinant vector is then used to introduce the desired gene into plant cells. Common methods include *Agrobacterium*-mediated transformation and gene guns.
C. Selection and Screening: Because transformation is not always successful, it's necessary to select cells that have successfully integrated the new gene (often using selectable markers like antibiotic resistance). Whole plants are regenerated from these selected cells and then screened to verify the presence and functionality of the introduced gene and the desired trait.
Step 3: Solution:
The correct order of steps is: Gene Identification (B), Vector Insertion (A), Plant Cell Transformation (D), and Selection and Screening (C), resulting in the sequence B, A, D, C.