Understanding the Question: Śābdabodha is the process of understanding the meaning of a sentence. Various philosophical schools argue about which part of the sentence is the "main" element. The question asks which school prioritizes Bhāvanā.
Key Concepts and Approach: The Mīmāṃsā school is concerned with Vedic injunctions (commands to perform rituals). Because commands are centered on action, the verb—and specifically the creative force behind the verb (Bhāvanā)—is considered the most important part of a sentence.
Detailed Solution:
Step 1: Identifying Bhāvanā. In Mīmāṃsā, Bhāvanā is the "efficient force" or the "activity of the producer" that leads to the result of an action. It is expressed by the verbal suffix (ākhyāta).
Step 2: Distinguishing the Schools. The Nyāya school believes the "Subject" (Prathmānta-artha) is the main element. The Grammarians (Vaiyākaraṇas) believe the "Root Meaning/Action" (Dhātvartha) is primary. Only Mīmāṃsā insists on Bhāvanā.
Step 3: The logic of Mīmāṃsā. Since the Vedas are meant to motivate humans to perform sacrifice, the "force of motivation" (Śābdī-bhāvanā) and the "effort of the person" (Ārthī-bhāvanā) are the keys to understanding any Vedic sentence.
Conclusion: The school is Mīmāṃsā.